Recreation Theory and Philosophy

Habits (learned automatic responses to contextual cues) are considered important in sustaining health behaviour change. While habit formation is promoted by repeating behaviour in a stable context, little is known about what other variables may contribute, and whether there are variables which may accelerate the habit formation process. The aim of this study was to explore variables relating to the perceived reward value of behaviour – pleasure, perceived utility, perceived benefits, and intrinsic motivation. The paper tests whether reward has an impact on habit formation which is mediated by behavioural repetition, and whether reward moderates the relationship between repetition and habit formation.

In order to promote healthy or beneficial behaviors it is necessary to understand how different behaviors develop. The understanding of human behavior has evolved significantly since the early twentieth century, when the first attempts to define human behaviors as a result of modern scientific observation was undertaken. One of the behaviors that became a focus of scientific study was the development and progression of a habit.

Habit model revealed that temporal consistency was the strongest predictor in both phases of exercise. Intention and habit of preparatory behavior predicted exercise fluctuations in gym members.

This paper examines urban park visiting behaviour of Hong Kong residents. It uses the findings from a telephone survey conducted in 2005, in which 758 Hong Kong residents were successfully interviewed. The survey found that there were slightly more infrequent park users than frequent park users (FPUs) in Hong Kong. About 8% of the respondents said that they never visit urban parks. Of the 43% of FPUs, many of them were either elderly or adolescents. The survey revealed that many users visited parks near their homes and stayed there for a short time. The most appealing activities for park users were doing exercise and taking leisure walks. The dominant barrier that deterred people from going to parks was lack of time to go. Obviously, this is a reflection of the lifestyle of Hong Kong people, in which working long hours are the norm. The findings contributed to a better understanding of the present park-visiting habits of Hong Kong people and indicated that the park authority needs to review its current park planning, design, and management policies to better meet the needs of users. Moreover, in response to the challenges caused by the declining birth rates and the upsurge of the ageing population in recent years, Hong Kong needs to map out a comprehensive strategy to develop urban parks that can cater to the leisure needs of its citizens.

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